Asia-VLSI and Solar Cell

U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under the Institute “National Renewable Energy Laboratory (Natonational Renewable Energy Laboratory, NREL) researchers David Ginley on September 15, 2010, held at Nagasaki University is the 71st of Applied Physics Lectures Council, Acer Laptop Battery in talking about human promising solar battery that is currently the fastest performance improvement of organic solar cells. “conversion efficiency of close to 10 ~ 12%. In the long run, is expected to reach 15% conversion efficiency, life expectancy is expected to reach 10 years “(Ginley). In addition, Ginley that the rapid degradation of organic solar cells, one of the reasons is that the organic thin film solar cells commonly used hole transport material (HTL ) PEDOT: PSS, and have been found to be able to replace the material.

Ginley will be created in the Applied Physics seminar “Prospects of Semiconductor Researches in Asia-VLSI and Solar Cell-” on the “Materials Optimization for Enhanced Performance of Organic Photovoltaic Devices” was published the speech.

Ginley first emphasized in his speech, “Solar power is the lowest possible cost to prevent one of the best solution to global warming.”Acer BTP-AQJ1 Battery, Acer BTP-ARJ1 Battery, Acer BATCL32 battery, Acer BATCL32L battery, But Ginley also pointed out that “the present situation, such as solar power generation performance of this approach have not yet reached the condition can be achieved. For future solar cells, the key is only used to further develop a common material on Earth can manufacturing technology, Acer BTP-AQJ1 Battery, low-cost mass production. ”

This means that, although around the world each year 10GW solar cell was manufactured and put into use, but to the formation of the global warming impact of the real, in fact, need to (for the current hundred times or more) to the scale of annual TW production. To achieve this goal, the most important thing is to to try to make low-cost solar cells and can only rely on a steady supply of materials can be produced.

As the most powerful candidate, Ginsley that organic solar cells, that is, organic thin-film solar cells and dye-sensitized solar cells. The reason is “the fastest current conversion efficiency, but also is expected to achieve low-cost mass production” (Ginsley). “From the current conversion efficiency of organic thin-film solar cells of view, more than 8% of the unit, the module increased to 4%. Life is close to 1 million hours. Cell conversion efficiency is 10 ~ 12% chance that has emerged, is expected to achieve in future conversion efficiency of more than 15%, Acer BTP-ARJ1 Battery, increasing life expectancy to 10 years the target “(Ginsley).

Although organic solar cells 10-year life than crystalline silicon solar cells much shorter than 20 years, but “Life does not need to reach more than 20 years long. Because (the organic solar cell) manufacturing costs far less than the crystallization silicon solar cell, even if broken can be replaced at low cost “(Ginsley).

However Ginley that he considered for organic solar cells, the increased life expectancy remains the biggest issue. Ginley specific concerns that are commonly used as HTL materials, PEDOT: PSS low stability, there is “from the electrode and the interface between p-type semiconductor start degradation” (Ginsley) problem. Ginley said, NREL made available nickel oxide (NiO) to solve the PEDOT: PSS existence of the subject.

NREL on the life of nickel oxide and generation performance and PEDOT: PSS in detail, the results show that the “use of power when the performance of nickel oxide and PEDOT: PSS the same, and stability is much higher than the PEDOT: PSS” (Ginsley).

However, in addition to a subject. That is,Acer BATCL32 battery, HTL use of nickel oxide, if the p-type semiconductor material is still the original words of P3HT in the band gap control of this point, there may be the best combination of the two can not be the case.

However, NREL claims to have found a solution to this issue of the p-type semiconductor material. This is called “PCDTBT” (poly (N-9-heptadecanyl-2, 7 – carbazole-alt-5, 5 – (4,7-di-2-thienyl-2 ,1,3-benzothiadiazole)) of the material .

In fact, in the use of named ITO / NiO / PCDTBT / PCBM / Ca / Al structure components of the area of trial, after the solar 1cm2 showed that conversion efficiency of 6.7%. PCDTBT alternative to nickel oxide and PEDOT: PSS and P3HT, the conversion efficiency of 5.7%. NREL and the University of Colorado (University of colorado) K. Steirer and other researchers will be recently published a paper on the research in detail.

Xing create a new high efficiency, zero pollution, no noise of the battery, Acer BTP-AQJ1 Battery, Acer BTP-ARJ1 Battery, Acer BATCL32 battery, Acer BATCL32L battery,which was recently identified by the scientific and technological achievements.

Fuel Cell Co., Ltd. Yixing source can last for 5 years research and development of new single-cell solid oxide fuel cell batteries,Acer BATCL32L battery, the electrochemical reaction by the chemical energy of fossil fuels directly into electrical energy generating device. This conversion does not contain the combustion process and the mechanical movement, with the traditional combustion-based power generation compared to fossil fuels greatly reduces energy loss and ecological damage to the environment, is recognized internationally as efficient green energy.

Recently, Yixing City Science and Technology Bureau by organizations at the single cell identification from the China Building Materials Academy, Nanjing University, China University of Technology and other research institutions, experts on the environmental performance of the single cell, security, performance, high levels of power conversion to be fully affirmed.

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In recent years, fuel cell research in the above there has been some progress, but in the commercialization of fuel cells are still there are number of obstacles. First of all, when the fuel cell produces water and CO 2, close to other electronic components as a result of the presence of water lead to short-circuit,Asus Laptop Battery, so how to solve this by-product water is a very troublesome problem; Second, although the fuel cell "stack" of each theoretical voltage unit should be 1.24V, but based on traditional proton exchange membrane (PEM toshiba tecra a8 battery, toshiba satellite a15 battery, toshiba satellite a10 battery) of the DMFC can only achieve this level of 30%, how to improve the fuel cell power density is another hinder fuel cell commercialization of a problem; the last If you really want to commercialize, then because of the fuel chemical reagents involved in the packaging box if it is safe to design products of the size requirements, accessibility of the fuel box and whether the cost is a sufficient number of suitable, OEM manufacturers of products to support fuel cell system How are these problems and so need to be considered, of course, which involved, including the chemical raw materials, system design, marketing channels, such as the cooperation of many sectors, but as a battery manufacturer, the first with the above-mentioned second factor is still impede the fuel cell business of technical problems.

Application of fuel cells

To promote industrial development in the market is always an important factor.vA42-A3 , A smart market positioning will help to promote the industry development and growth can create the basis of the market.

Early demonstration of the industrial samples also exhibited a number of external fuel cell units, can be used as a charger and rechargeable cell phone, PDA and notebook computer batteries to provide energy. These have been published in 2004. However, because of the huge size of the initial time, and energy density are limited, these products can only be regarded as the concept of products. The real winners will be successfully integrated into the fuel cell products within the promotion of commercial vendors.

NEC in Japan in 2001 Electric trial a new type of polymer-based fuel cells, looks like a piece of biscuit. Its principle is the same as a lighter oil loading from the fuel injection petrol power supply for long-term use.Acer Laptop Battery, With mobile phones it can be used on more than one computer can be also used for the past few days alone.

According to experts, the study of combustion chemistry has been the past 150 years, despite the thousands of scientists around the world are still efforts in this area, but it was not until synchrotron radiation photoionization mass spectrometry technique was applied to flame studies, only so that the combustion process of hydrocarbon --- enol intermediate in the discovery of a reality. Studies have shown that incomplete oxidation of the hydrocarbon oxidation mechanism plays an important role in applications, such as fuel cells, gas chemical reaction occurred in the main oxidation process is incomplete and not entirely the product of oxidation is today the main source of atmospheric pollutants on the 1. Previous studies have not related to type-specific substances, the latest experimental results will be amendments to the existing model of hydrocarbon oxidation for fuel cells and in supercritical water oxidation process of incomplete combustion of the simulation and control of pollutants to provide a new strategy .

Solid State Physics, BTP-ARJ1,
Chinese Academy of Sciences Nano-crystalline solar cell research progress by the new

In recent years, the Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Physics, Nano Device Laboratory of Optical Physics and Materials Research Group Functional researchers and academicians, such as Li-Quan Chen a series of cooperation electrolyte organic compounds plus the research, development of Nano-crystalline solar cell efficiency of 4.3%, respectively and 4.9%. Recently, they synthesized a new type with a single iodine ion transport properties of organic solid-state electrolyte additive compounds, and systematically studied the spectral properties of the electrolyte, transport properties, and determined its crystal structure.

The study found that in organic crystals in the nanometer scale dispersion of the SiO2 particles can be satisfied to form the composite solid electrolyte Microscale, Surface-enhanced dissociation due to the effect of the ionic conductivity of electrolyte has been markedly improved, and the electrolyte in the porous electrode, BTP-AQJ1, as well as the filling electrode / electrolyte interface has greatly improved access to state of the development of solid-state electrolyte composite Nanocrystalline Dye-sensitized solar cell efficiency of 5.48% ibm thinkpad r40 battery, ibm thinkpad r32 battery. The research results so that solid-state dye-sensitized Nano-crystalline solar cells towards practical devices taken an important step forward.

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South Korea to Japan

At present, the largest laptop battery and most technologically advanced solar energy production base in Nanjing Jiangning Development Zone.Acer Laptop Battery, Nanjing, China Light and Power Photovoltaic Technology Co., Ltd. The total investment in a 30 million U.S. dollars, the first production line put into operation in June, pay close attention to to build production lines to the end of three production lines in operation, form a 100 MW solar cell production scale, than the current National The combined production capacity doubled. National Development and Reform Commission is implementing the “bright work” for 10 billion yuan fund-raising to promote solar power generation technology. China Light and Power Electric Group introduced the Australian team of scientists, Dr. as well as the international most advanced solar energy technology, to build China’s largest production base for solar cells, “Renewable Energy Law” after the enactment dell battery, in the provincial and municipal governments attach great importance to the CLP Group to speed up the adjustment of the deployment implementation plan in 2008 the production of 600 megawatts of solar cells,BTP-APJ1, BTP-AQJ1, BTP-ARJ1,
sales of 15 billion. According to experts, as a new solar energy, has its unique advantages far more than wind energy, hydropower, geothermal energy, nuclear energy and other resources, is expected to become the main pillars of power supply.

Lake developed a large ultra-high energy lithium battery,BTP-APJ1,

Hunan University, 7 March came news of the University Institute of Polymer battery with Professor Li Qi academic leaders have developed a new high-capacity lithium-ion battery technology, use of the technology to produce high-capacity laptop batteries, to ensure a single battery and battery pack homogeneity of security, and notebook computers can continue to stand for more than seven hours.

Research Unit silicon products are not used in the production of solar cells

Silicon Grinm shares (600,206) for the company’s products are raw materials used in the production of solar cells rumors, today issued notice to clarify that the company’s main products for 4,5,6-inch single crystal silicon, mainly used in the production of integrated circuits, can not be used in the production of solar cells. Notice, the solar cell market as a result of rapid growth, resulting in poly-silicon raw material prices. The company’s main raw material is polysilicon, so the purchase price has been rising in 2004. The recent market rumors, BTP-AQJ1,a research unit of the product 75uyf battery, 1691p battery,BTP-APJ1, BTP-AQJ1, BTP-ARJ1,
dell inspiron 2500 battery is silicon used in the production of raw materials for solar cells, solar cells as a result of the European market demand, will enable the performance of companies in 2005 increased dramatically.

South Korea to Japan, the United States to make lithium batteries a final anti-dumping, BTP-ARJ1,

South Korean media reported that the June 30, 2004, Korea Trade Commission of originating in the United States and Japan to make lithium batteries a final anti-dumping decision originally made in Japan and the United States of Li-ion battery charge of the 18.19 percent anti-dumping duty for a period of 3 years. A lithium battery mainly used for cameras, notebooks, equipment and other communications equipment, in 2003, the amount of domestic consumption in Korea about 68 billion won (about 5,800,000 U.S. dollars), accounting for 89.9% of imported products.BTP-APJ1, BTP-AQJ1, BTP-ARJ1,
September 15, 2003, South Korea to Japan and the United States originating in a lithium battery to carry out anti-dumping investigation, February 25, 2004 to make the preliminary ruling, made on June 30 final.

Tsinghua University to capture the automobile lead-acid battery recovery technology,Apple Laptop Battery,Recently, Tsinghua University experts to capture the “Super recovery of lead-acid battery technology.” This new technical expertise to solve the automotive,

electric bicycle and other difficult issues to start, as well as the driving force for innovation and lead-acid battery. As long as a “sub-healthy” state of the lead-acid batteries by adding this delay to protect fluid, can be used in the normal course of sulfide batteries eliminate the battery capacity caused by the phenomenon of decline in auto start difficulties, BTP-APJ1, BTP-AQJ1, BTP-ARJ1,
but also improve the dell inspiron 3700 battery, dell inspiron 3800 battery, dell inspiron 4000 battery deep release characteristics of deep red and low-temperature discharge performance, Asus Laptop Battery,significantly prevented the irreversible formation of sulfate, thus extending battery life for more than one cycle.